In the last post I tried to resume and provide a general view of the 3G technologies used to deliver Mobile TV, in this section I will try to describe how these standards have been formalized. While much has been written about the promise of 4G and the evolution to LTE, the reality is that 3G networks are still evolving and maturing with many network capabilities still untapped.
In the last chapter I describe that 3G is the result of the evolution of two branches, the standardization efforts have also followed this two branches in the 3G partnership association project.
We can find 3GPP closely associated with the developments of GSM networks to UMTS (3GPP). And the migration of CDMA networks to 3G is coordinated by the 3GPP2 (3GPP2, 2007). More information can be accessed in the official sites of these two groups. (Kumar, 2007)
3GPP and 3GPP2 have some architectural differences between the two groups, interoperability and compatibility of application was needed so they had to work on the unification of standards. So was necessary a migration process of networks from 2G, circuit-switched voice-based networks using SS7 signaling, toward 3G networks based on IP interoperable with Internet. (Kumar, 2007)
3G platforms have corrected evolved to an IP core for voice and data, that allows the use of more efficient coding for voice and migrating all signaling protocols to IP based technologies.
The process have resulted in the following IP based multimedia platform architectures for the networks:
● IP Multimedia System (IMS) 3GPP
● Ip Multi-Media Domain (IMD) 3GPP2.
It have been necessary a process of convergence of the two standards 3GPP and 3GPP2, with the scope to allow interworking of both technologies. (Kumar, 2007)
But the convergence is difficult to achieve, because the need to maintain the technologies of WCDMA frequency division duplex (FDD) and TDD, which have different propagation characteristics and therefore different network designs. In the multimedia area there are standards defined and used by 3GPP and 3GPP2 for video and audio coding that are different. So that forces handset manufacturers to use a player that is able to work with multiple standards, that is necessary to provide interoperability in multiple networks. (Kumar, 2007)
Mobile TV using 3G technologies benefits operators because they can use their own spectrum and use the same business model. It is important to say that 3G services are offered by mobile providers and mobile television is offered by television networks. In Europe alone there are currently 19 operators offering 3G mobile TV services. (ERICSSON, 2006)
This is the last point of the discussion of unicast Mobile TV using 3G technologies, next sections I will focus on the discussion of Mobile TV using broadcast technologies which is an interesting “open” issue for the players and regulatory authorities.
References
3GPP. (s.f.). 3GPP. Recuperado el 26 de 5 de 2009, de 3GPP: http://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp
3GPP2. (2007). 3GPP2. Recuperado el 25 de 05 de 2009, de 3GPP2: http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm
ERICSSON. (2006). ERICSSON. From Mobile TV: the road to mass market: http://www.ericsson.com/solutions/news/2006/q1/20060119_mobile_tv_standards.shtml
Kumar, A. (2007). Mobile TV: DVB-H, DMB, 3G Systems and Rich Media Applications . Fucal Press Media Technoly Professional.
In the last chapter I describe that 3G is the result of the evolution of two branches, the standardization efforts have also followed this two branches in the 3G partnership association project.
We can find 3GPP closely associated with the developments of GSM networks to UMTS (3GPP). And the migration of CDMA networks to 3G is coordinated by the 3GPP2 (3GPP2, 2007). More information can be accessed in the official sites of these two groups. (Kumar, 2007)
3GPP and 3GPP2 have some architectural differences between the two groups, interoperability and compatibility of application was needed so they had to work on the unification of standards. So was necessary a migration process of networks from 2G, circuit-switched voice-based networks using SS7 signaling, toward 3G networks based on IP interoperable with Internet. (Kumar, 2007)
3G platforms have corrected evolved to an IP core for voice and data, that allows the use of more efficient coding for voice and migrating all signaling protocols to IP based technologies.
The process have resulted in the following IP based multimedia platform architectures for the networks:
● IP Multimedia System (IMS) 3GPP
● Ip Multi-Media Domain (IMD) 3GPP2.
It have been necessary a process of convergence of the two standards 3GPP and 3GPP2, with the scope to allow interworking of both technologies. (Kumar, 2007)
But the convergence is difficult to achieve, because the need to maintain the technologies of WCDMA frequency division duplex (FDD) and TDD, which have different propagation characteristics and therefore different network designs. In the multimedia area there are standards defined and used by 3GPP and 3GPP2 for video and audio coding that are different. So that forces handset manufacturers to use a player that is able to work with multiple standards, that is necessary to provide interoperability in multiple networks. (Kumar, 2007)
Mobile TV using 3G technologies benefits operators because they can use their own spectrum and use the same business model. It is important to say that 3G services are offered by mobile providers and mobile television is offered by television networks. In Europe alone there are currently 19 operators offering 3G mobile TV services. (ERICSSON, 2006)
This is the last point of the discussion of unicast Mobile TV using 3G technologies, next sections I will focus on the discussion of Mobile TV using broadcast technologies which is an interesting “open” issue for the players and regulatory authorities.
References
3GPP. (s.f.). 3GPP. Recuperado el 26 de 5 de 2009, de 3GPP: http://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp
3GPP2. (2007). 3GPP2. Recuperado el 25 de 05 de 2009, de 3GPP2: http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_html/Misc/AboutHome.cfm
ERICSSON. (2006). ERICSSON. From Mobile TV: the road to mass market: http://www.ericsson.com/solutions/news/2006/q1/20060119_mobile_tv_standards.shtml
Kumar, A. (2007). Mobile TV: DVB-H, DMB, 3G Systems and Rich Media Applications . Fucal Press Media Technoly Professional.
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